A diffuser in a centrifugal pump serves what primary function?

The primary function of a diffuser in a centrifugal pump is to reduce fluid turbulence and convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into pressure energy. This is achieved by slowing down the fluid as it exits the impeller and directing it into the discharge pipe. By doing so, the diffuser helps to stabilize the flow and minimize velocity fluctuations, which contributes to the overall efficiency of the pump.

While balancing radial loads may be a concern within the pump's overall design, the diffuser itself does not specifically serve this function. The roles of increasing fluid velocity or providing suction assistance are primarily managed by the impeller and other pump components, rather than by the diffuser. Therefore, focusing on the role of the diffuser in reducing turbulence and enhancing pressure conversion highlights its importance in ensuring effective pump operation.